Has Indonesia’s National Health Insurance Scheme Reached the Most Vulnerable

Improving equity in healthcare access has been a major objective of Indonesia’s national health insurance scheme, Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN), since its launch in 2014. This benefit incidence analysis, conducted by the U.S. Agency for International Development-funded Health Policy Plus (HP+) project and the National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction (TNP2K), aims to understand the extent to which JKN has achieved this goal during its initial scale-up and provide a baseline to measure future progress.

It examines the distribution of JKN hospital expenditure, which accounts for nearly 80% of total JKN expenditure, across island and socioeconomic
groups for both inpatient (IPD) and outpatient (OPD) services. The analysis also considers the factors that may produce inequities in JKN expenditure across these groups in order to inform future policy action.